Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: incidence and outcomes in an urban city

¹Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
²Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea

Correspondence

Yong Hwan Kim ,Tel: 055-230-6119, Fax: 055-230-8394, Email: suka1212@naver.com,

Received: July 5, 2021; Revised: September 15, 2021 Accepted: September 28, 2021. Published online: April 30, 2022.

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the incidence and outcomes of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in Changwon city, South Korea.
Method:
From the Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Surveillance registry and the Changwon Fire Department’s Emergency Medical Services data, we obtained a list of 119 assessed pediatric OHCAs occurred between January 2012 and December 2018. We analyzed basic demographic variables, the location of cardiac arrest, witnessed status, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), time variables for CPR, dispatcher-assisted CPR, initial cardiac rhythm, automated defibrillator use, and clinical outcomes at hospital discharge.
Results:
A total of 2,954 OHCAs occurred during the study period, of which 72 were pediatric OHCAs. The rate of witnessed cardiac arrest was 30.6% (22/72), and bystander CPR was performed in 29 patients (40.3%). The rate of cardiac arrest occurring in public places was 16.7% (12/72). The rate of shockable rhythm in the initial electrocardiogram rhythm was 8.3% (6/72). Twelve patients (16.7%) survived to admission. The proportion of survivors discharged was 4.3% (3/70), and the rate of discharge with a good prognosis was 2.8% (2/70).
Conclusion:
The incidence rate of pediatric OHCA was low in Changwon city. The survival rate was also low. Thus, studies with larger sample sizes and continuous monitoring in the community are needed.

Key words: Pediatrics; Heart arrest; Resuscitation; Outcome