Effect of Steroids on Interleukin-1beta and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Expression due to High Tidal Volume in the Rat Ventilator-induced Lung Injury Model

So,  Byung Hak; Oh,  Dong Rul; Lee,  Mi Jin; Lee,  Won Jae; Kim,  Se Kyung; Wang,  Young Pil; Rha,  Suk Joo

J Korean Soc Emerg Med > Volume 13(2); 2002 > Article

Original Article

Journal of The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine 2002;13(2): 141-146.

Effect of Steroids on Interleukin-1beta and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Expression due to High Tidal Volume in the Rat Ventilator-induced Lung Injury Model

Byung Hak So, Dong Rul Oh, Mi Jin Lee, Won Jae Lee, Se Kyung Kim, Young Pil Wang, Suk Joo Rha

¹Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. emodr@mdhouse.com
²Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:
Although mechanical ventilation is used to improve oxygenation, this strategy can impose injurious mechanical stress on lung tissue. This is recognized as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Recently, several studies have reported that inflammatory cells and mediators play an important role in the progression of VILI. This study was designed to investigate, in a rat model, the expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, as well as the anti-inflammatory activity of steroids in VILI.
METHODS:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups. The control group received low tidal volume (6ml/kg) ventilation. The second group received high tidal volume (25 ml/kg) ventilation and the third group received high tidal volume (25 ml/kg) ventilation with methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) treatment. After 60 minutes of mechanical ventilation, the animals in each group were sacrificed. Resected lungs were immunostained with antisera for IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. The stained areas were evaluated with an image analyzer.
RESULTS:
In the groups that received a high tidal volume, the number of positive pixels in IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha was significantly higher than it was in the low tidal volume group. The high tidal volume group showed greater expression of I L - 1beta and TNF-alpha,but this was significantly decreased by methylprednisolone.
CONCLUSION:
Our study suggests that an inflammatory response related with IL-1beta and TNF-alpha is involved in the development of VILI. The expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha was lessened by treatment with methylprednisolone, which might have contributed to improving lung dysfunction after mechanical ventilation.

Key words: Ventilator-induced lung injury, Interleukin-1beta, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Methylprednisolone